製冷系統出現了更環保、高效、經濟的新材料

New material for refrigeration systems that is more ecological, efficient and economic

 

這項研究,發在科學期刊《自然材料》上,受京都議定書的啟發,學術單位打算更新目前的製冷系統,基於壓縮氣體的製冷方法已危及了地球的臭氧層
This research, published in the scientific journal Nature Materials and inspired by the Kyoto Protocol, intends to renew current refrigeration systems, that are based on the compression of gasses hazardous to the atmosphere.

 

對新材料的探求,顯示接近室溫的大熱量作用,是發展新型製冷系統可遵循的路徑之一。直到現在,製冷領域最有前的材料,是所謂的巨磁熱材料,通過外部磁場應用來改變溫度。

The search for materials showing large caloric effects close to room temperature is one of the paths being followed to develop new refrigeration systems. Until now, the most promising materials in the refrigeration field were so called giant magnetocaloric materials, which change temperature with the application of an external magnetic field.

 
西班牙巴塞羅那知識學府的兩個小組,一個來自巴塞羅那大學(UB),另一個來自加泰羅尼亞技術大學(UPC),他們共同與德國杜伊斯堡-埃森大學團隊合作,已開發出一種全新的固體材料,顯示經由高壓系統的液體靜壓力(固態壓力熱量的效應)可產生熱能效應。這在西班牙是獨一無二的,由加泰羅尼亞技術大學UPC設計。項工作顯示,運用適度的液壓鎳錳合金Ni-Mn-In,其產生的效果可與磁熱材料獲得的最好效果相比
Two teams at the Barcelona Knowledge Campus, one from the University of Barcelona (UB) and the other from the Technical University of Catalonia (UPC), in collaboration with a group from the University of Duisburg-Essen (Germany), have developed a new solid material that shows caloric effects applying hydrostatic pressure (solid state barocaloric effect) through a high pressure system. This is unique in Spain and was designed by the UPC. This work shows that the application of moderate hydrostatic pressure to a nickel-manganese-indium alloy (Ni-Mn-In) produces results that are comparable to the best obtained from magnetocaloric materials.
 
 除已提到的壓力熱量的影響之外,Ni-Mn-In合金還有一種相反的磁熱效應。因此,才有可能把磁場與液體靜壓力相結合,以產生熱效應,可使用不同的參數去控制溫度。也就是說,有了這種新型材料,監控壓力和磁場已變成可能,從而更容易地設定溫度,控制狀態變化。
In addition to the barocaloric affect already mentioned, the Ni-Mn-In alloy also has an inverse magnetocaloric effect. Thus there exists the possibility of combining the magnetic field with the hydrostatic pressure to produce a caloric effect, which would permit using different parameters to control temperature. That is to say, with this new material it is possible to monitor the pressure and magnetic field in order to better control the state change at a desired temperature.

 

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